Side effects of ashwagandha: 7 risks you should know before taking this herb

Ashwagandha, often called Indian ginseng, is one of the most popular Ayurvedic herbs known for reducing stress, improving energy, and supporting overall wellness. While it has many proven health benefits, few people realise that ashwagandha also carries certain risks. According to the NIH, like any supplement, it can cause side effects, especially when taken in high doses or without medical guidance. From stomach upset and drowsiness to more serious concerns like low blood pressure, drug interactions, and pregnancy risks, it’s important to know the downsides too. Here are seven hidden side effects of ashwagandha you should understand before adding it to your routine.



7 potential side effects of ashwagandha


Gastrointestinal Issues

One of the most common side effects of ashwagandha is digestive discomfort. Some people may experience nausea, diarrhoea, or an upset stomach, especially when taking higher doses. This happens because ashwagandha contains compounds that can irritate the gastrointestinal lining in sensitive individuals. To minimise these effects, it is best to start with a small dose and take the supplement with food. Drinking plenty of water and avoiding taking it on an empty stomach can also help reduce the risk of stomach irritation.



Allergic reactions

Although rare, allergic reactions to ashwagandha are possible. Since it belongs to the Solanaceae family—the same group as tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants—people allergic to these foods may also react to ashwagandha. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include rashes, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If you notice any of these warning signs after taking ashwagandha, it is important to discontinue use immediately and seek medical advice. Performing an allergy test before long-term use may be beneficial for those with a history of plant allergies.



Interaction with medications

Ashwagandha is a powerful herb, which means it can interact with certain prescription medications. It may interfere with thyroid medicines, diabetes drugs, blood pressure medications, and immune-suppressing treatments. Additionally, ashwagandha has mild sedative properties, which can intensify the effects of sleeping pills or anti-anxiety medications. For this reason, individuals already on medication should consult a healthcare provider before starting ashwagandha supplements to avoid harmful drug interactions.



Sedative effects

While ashwagandha is well-known for reducing stress and promoting relaxation, its calming effects can sometimes go too far. In some individuals, it may cause excessive drowsiness, dizziness, or fatigue, particularly when combined with alcohol or other sedatives. This makes it important to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery after consuming higher doses of ashwagandha. People who already struggle with low energy or chronic fatigue should use it cautiously to prevent worsening their symptoms.



Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure)

Ashwagandha has been shown to lower blood pressure in some individuals, which may be beneficial for those with hypertension. However, this effect can become risky for people who naturally have low blood pressure or are already on blood pressure medications. A sudden drop in blood pressure may lead to dizziness, fainting, or light-headedness. To avoid complications, it is recommended that people with blood pressure concerns monitor their levels closely when using ashwagandha and consult a doctor if any unusual symptoms appear.




Pregnancy and breastfeeding risks

There is still limited research on the safety of ashwagandha during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Some traditional practices suggest that it may support fertility and reproductive health, but modern studies are not sufficient to prove its safety. In fact, high doses of ashwagandha may potentially trigger uterine contractions, which could increase the risk of miscarriage. For breastfeeding mothers, the herb’s impact on infants remains unclear. Because of these uncertainties, pregnant and nursing women are strongly advised to avoid ashwagandha unless prescribed by a qualified healthcare professional.



Thyroid disorders

Ashwagandha appears to influence thyroid hormones, but its effects can be unpredictable. Some studies suggest that it may increase thyroid hormone levels, which could worsen hyperthyroidism, while others indicate it may help balance thyroid function. This dual action makes it risky for people with thyroid conditions who are already on medication, as it may either over-stimulate or suppress hormone production. Anyone with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism should only take ashwagandha under strict medical supervision.
Ashwagandha offers a wide range of health benefits, from reducing stress to improving immunity, but it is not without risks. Side effects such as digestive issues, drowsiness, low blood pressure, and drug interactions are possible, and special caution is needed for pregnant women and individuals with thyroid disorders.

Like any supplement, the key to safe use is moderation and professional guidance. If you are considering adding ashwagandha to your daily routine, consult a healthcare provider first, especially if you are on medication or managing a chronic condition. Taken responsibly, ashwagandha can be a powerful ally for health and wellness, but ignoring its side effects may do more harm than good.


Disclaimer: This article is for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider regarding any medical condition or lifestyle change.


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